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The Low-Down on That First-Century Gospel of Mark

Several people have asked about what ever happened to that so-called first-century copy of the Gospel of Mark that I mentioned in my just-finished post on mummy-masks.  I explained what happened when the mystery finally got solved about five years ago.  Here's what I said then.  (It gets even more bizarre later, as I'll explain in the next post that was published about a year after this one.)   ****************************** [Originally published October 15, 2019] There’s been a new and rather astonishing development in the story involving the so-called “First Century Gospel of Mark.”  If you recall, a few years ago some textual scholars began to claim that we now have in our possession the oldest copy of Mark (by a long shot) ever to be discovered.  The existence of the manuscript was first announced in 2012 by Prof. Dan Wallace of Dallas Theological Seminary, in a public debate he was having, as it turns out, with me at UNC Chapel Hill. Until now, our first fragmentary copy of Mark could be dated to around [...]

2024-12-03T10:41:23-05:00December 10th, 2024|New Testament Manuscripts|

Final Reflections on Mummy Masks and Manuscripts

OK, I am at the tail end of this thread on mummy masks and the alleged discovery of a first-century fragment of Mark’s Gospel.   This thread was first posted in 2015.  Here is how I ended it then. But I did want to provide access to an interesting article and penetrating set of questions on the issue published a week ago on CNN by my friends Candida Moss and Joel Baden (they crank out a lot of articles on issues in biblical studies, especially as items appear in the news).  Candida is a Professor of New Testament at Notre Dame and Joel is a Professor of Hebrew Bible at Yale.  I’ve re-posted this article with permission.  It comes from CNN: Was oldest gospel really found in a mummy mask? ****************************** (CNN) Media outlets have been abuzz this week with the news that the oldest fragment of a New Testament gospel -- and thus the earliest witness of Jesus' life and ministry -- had been discovered hidden inside an Egyptian mummy mask and was going to [...]

2024-12-01T21:07:00-05:00December 8th, 2024|New Testament Manuscripts|

A True Expert Speaks About Mummy Masks and Papyri

  In our age of the superiority of non-expertise, occasionally an authority speaks out who reveals the truth.  Here is a case in point, when a true expert on ancient papyri explains what's going on with those mummy masks I've mentioned in earlier posts. Again, this is from 2015; things have changed in terms of the specific case, but not necessarily in terms of the frauds that some people are willing to engage in for the sake of their historical and religious claims. Here is what I said about it nine years ago. ****************************** One of the things that I find disconcerting about all the discussion about whether it is legitimate to destroy mummy masks in order to get NT papyri is that the only people who seem to know anything about what has been found (this alleged first century copy of the Gospel of Mark) are not experts in the specific fields in which expertise is required, both to dismantle masks and to date papyri.  As it turns out, they're all friends [...]

2024-12-01T21:02:56-05:00December 7th, 2024|New Testament Manuscripts|

Annual Appeal 2024: Behind the Mission Pt. 1

As you may know, the Bart Ehrman Foundation and Blog are embarking on our first-ever annual appeal in support of the incredible work done by Urban Ministries of Durham (UMD). For years, the blog has been a steadfast supporter of UMD, an organization dedicated to providing essential services such as food, shelter, and hope to those in need. Since UMD became the very first charitable organization we partnered with, our blog community has donated over $1 million to their cause—including $110,000 in 2024 alone. Now, we invite you to join us in continuing this legacy of compassion and impact. As part of this special appeal, every donor will receive an exclusive invitation to a live lecture by Bart Ehrman in January titled "How Jesus Has Transformed the Culture of Giving." Whether you contribute $5 or $50, your generosity secures you access to this one-of-a-kind event, where Bart will explore how Jesus’ teachings reshaped societal concepts of charity, generosity, and community responsibility. It’s a fascinating discussion that ties directly to the spirit of this season and [...]

2024-12-06T00:32:22-05:00December 6th, 2024|Public Forum|

Can We Defend Destroying Mummy Masks?

Here is my second re-post from 2015 about destroying ancient mummy masks in hopes of finding manuscripts. In yesterday’s post I cited an article by Mary-Ann Russo that explained the situation about the mummy masks that were being destroyed in order to acquire papyrus fragments of the New Testament.  The scholar mainly cited in that article as being involved in that process was Craig Evans, a friend of mine with whom I have had several public debates.  Craig feels that he has been somewhat misrepresented in this article, and sent me a clarification.  I have asked and received his permission, and this is what he says:  (NOTE: after this paragraph is a lengthier explanation and justification of what they are doing when destroying mummy masks): Last summer I gave a presentation on the number, age, and reliability of New Testament manuscripts. In this lecture I described the effort under way in recent  years to recover manuscript fragments, including biblical manuscripts, from ancient cartonnage, including mummy masks. All of these materials are from Egypt. [...]

2024-12-01T20:52:00-05:00December 5th, 2024|New Testament Manuscripts|

Destroying Mummy Masks

Is it OK to destroy ancient mummy masks in hopes of finding yet something more valuable out of them? I have just returned from my annual professional meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature, where thousands of biblical scholars come to read academic papers to one another, sit on panels to review books or discuss topics, and, well, schmooz.  These days I mainly schmooz.  But I did go to a few sessions, including one particularly intriguing panel discussion of a fantastic new book on the corrupt ways manuscripts are allegedly discovered these days, written by papyrologist (expert in the study of ancient papyri manuscripts) Roberta Mazza, Stolen Fragments: Black Markets, Bad Faith, and the Illicit Trade in Ancient Artefacts  Among the intriguing topics that come up in her full-scale attack on scholars who rely on the black market to get their "ancient manuscripts" was the issue I've dealt with before on the blog, the case of the "first-century Gospel of Mark" (which was decidedly not from the first century, we found out) said to be [...]

2024-12-01T20:41:19-05:00December 4th, 2024|New Testament Manuscripts|

Readers’ Questions and My Responses (11/2024)

I have received some more interesting questions in the comment section of the blog, and thought I should published them more broadly, along with my responses.  Here goes!   Question: What are your views on what Jesus is communicating in the ‘Whose Son Is the Messiah?’ story in the synoptics where Jesus references Psalm 110:1.   Response: It’s a great passage (Mark 12:35-37). It occurs in the midst of a series of dialogues/controversies Jesus is having with his Jewish opponents in Jerusalem, in which Jesus repeatedly confounds and maligns them. In this one he does so by asking them a question that he knows they won’t be able to answer without contradicting something they already think. He asks them how “the Christ can be the son of David if in Psalm 110, written by David, he says “The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand….”?? That is, if David calls the messiah “My Lord,” then how could he be his “son”? The scribes are apparently flummoxed and can’t answer, and the crowds [...]

2024-11-29T08:36:13-05:00December 3rd, 2024|Reader’s Questions, Recent Comments|

Special Webinar Announcement: Ehrman Blog Annual Appeal

As the holiday season begins, we want to share an opportunity to make a meaningful impact in the lives of those who need it most. Take a listen to this message from Bart to find out more: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLeX5fH12hQ This December, the Bart Ehrman Foundation is launching our first-ever Annual Appeal to raise funds for an organization we have supported since our inception: Urban Ministries of Durham (UMD). UMD is an outstanding organization dedicated to providing food, shelter, and a pathway to stability for individuals and families facing significant challenges. Their mission deeply reflects our values, and we are honored to advocate for and support their transformative work. We’ve set an ambitious goal: $50,000 by December 31. Reaching it will take all of us coming together, and I’m confident that, with your help, we can achieve it. 100% of the funds donated in support of this appeal will go directly to UMD. As a token of our appreciation, Bart will host an exclusive Donor Impact Lecture for everyone who donates, no matter the amount: Donor Impact [...]

2024-12-01T10:27:40-05:00December 1st, 2024|Public Forum|

Jewish Disagreements About the Afterlife: Pharisees and Sadducees

In previous posts I have discussed the different Jewish sects that we know about from the first century, at the dawn of Christianity (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Fourth Philosophy).  In the post I indicated that (a) there were different understandings of the afterlife among them, but (b) there was a belief in a future resurrection of the dead attested in at least two of the groups: the Pharisees and Essenes.   We don’t know what the eschatological views of the Fourth Philosophy were; possibly different Jews who wanted the violent overthrow of the Roman overlords had various expectations.  We really don’t know. One reason we don’t know is that we don’t have any writings from any of them.  On other hand, that’s true of the Sadducees and the Pharisees as well.  That may seem weird, but it’s the case.   We have no clear and certain writing from any Sadducee in all of antiquity that explains what it is they thought and believed.   Even more strange, from all of antiquity up until the time of the Jewish war, [...]

2024-11-27T10:17:19-05:00December 1st, 2024|Early Judaism, Public Forum|
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