Paul George, author of On Christian Origins
I have applied a mode of inference which the American logician-philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce described as abduction
The surprising fact, C, is observed;
But if A were true, C would be a matter of course.
Hence, there is reason to suspect that A is true.
Ergo
I have found many surprising facts (especially in ancient documents) about early Christianity;
if my hypothesis is correct, these surprising facts would be a matter of course.
Hence, there is reason to suspect that my hypothesis is correct.
Steefen thanks but a bibliography is unnecessary. I have read Peirce. I understand abduction. You wake up in the morning and the trees are dripping and your yard is full of puddles. Even though the sun is out you infer that it must have rained sometime during the night. A simple example of abductive reasoning. (Of course you can never completely eliminate other possibilities like a giant pigeon with poor bladder control.)
You wrote
“I have found many surprising facts (especially in ancient documents) about early Christianity;
if my hypothesis is correct, these surprising facts would be a matter of course.
Hence, there is reason to suspect that my hypothesis is correct.”
I was asking for an example of one of these “surprising facts”.
Paul George wrote in On Christian Origins.
Charles Sanders Peirce:
1 The surprising fact, C, *is observed*
2 if A were true
3 C would be a matter of course
4 Hence, there is reason to suspect that A is true.
Paul George:
1 I have found many surprising facts (especially in ancient documents) about early Christianity
2 if my hypothesis is correct
3 these surprising facts would be a matter of course
4 there is reason to suspect that my hypothesis is correct.
Steefen:
1 I have observed something (C) surprising
2 If A were true
3 What is surprising would be an expected matter of course
4 There is much evidence that A is true
5 Let’s accept and not be surprised by C
1 I have observed when reading Josephus the surprising fact that the Biblical Jesus of Galilee was not mentioned by Herod Agrippa II or others who wanted to wave the white flag when Jesus of Gamala, Galilee was rebelling against Vespasian and Rome, escalating to the Battle of Galilee
2 If it were true the Biblical Jesus of Galilee was a character of historical fiction
3 the surprising fact the Biblical Jesus of Galilee bore no weight against Galilean rebels would be an expected matter of course
4 There is ample reason from Bart Ehrman and Steve Campbell, author of Historical Accuracy, that the Biblical Jesus of Galilee was not a 100% historical Jesus
5 Let’s accept and not be surprised by Herod Agrippa II or others not throwing the Biblical Jesus of Galilee in the face of Jesus of Gamala, Galilee to cool his rebellion and his escalating the rebellion against Rome to the height of the Battle of Galilee where many Galileans lost their lives.
Thinking of the authors Bart Ehrman and Steve Campbell
Some people are surprised that Jesus did not diffuse the situation of a woman caught in adultery.
If it is true …
= = = = =
The earliest manuscripts of the Gospel of John show no trace of the story. It’s simply not included in the text. The two earliest manuscripts of John (known as P66 and P75), which were written in the second and early third centuries, do not include it. Nor do the mid-fourth century books Codex Sinaiaticus and Codex Vaticanus, the earliest complete collections of the New Testament. So where did the story come from and how did it make it into our Bibles?
In the new book To Cast the First Stone: The Transmission of a Gospel Story (Princeton, 2018), scholars Jennifer Knust and Tommy Wasserman explore the tangled and complicated history of this beloved story. In it they argue, as others do, that the story was introduced into the Gospel of John by a later interpolator sometime in the third century. Some other ancient authors refer to the story as part of different literary tradition, a lost ‘gospel’ known as the Gospel of the Hebrews. That interpolator presumably believed that the story was important and authentic and added it into the text of the Gospel of John. Looking at the manuscripts themselves it’s possible to watch that happen. One manuscript, Codex Sangallensis 48, leaves a blank space in John 7:53-8:11, the place where the story is usually found.
Though they are careful to point out that we don’t know for sure where the story came from or why it was added to the Gospel of John, Knust, an associate professor of New Testament and Christian Origins at Boston University, and Wasserman, a professor of Biblical Studies at Ansgar Teologiske Høgskole in Norway, told The Daily Beast that the interpolation took place “in a context where Greek was used but Latin was also spoken, and probably because the interpolator thought it fit best into that Gospel.” They added that “we can only speculate about why John and not some other Gospel,” but mentioned several theories, including the prominence of stories about women in the Fourth Gospel. They also note the intriguing theory of New Testament scholar Chris Keith that, in addition to portraying Jesus as forgiving, the story also presents Jesus as able to write. Perhaps it was added, then, to combat the scandalous accusation that Jesus wasn’t fully literate.
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= = = = =
Let’s try this again:
1 Some people are surprised that Jesus did not diffuse the situation of a woman caught in adultery.
2 If it is true this episode did not appear in the first editions of Gospel of John
3 It would be an expected matter that Jesus really did not diffuse the situation
4 There is conclusive evidence that this episode did not appear in earlier editions of Gospel of John
5 Let’s accept and not be surprised by the beloved account of Jesus diffusing the situation of a woman caught in adultery
Also see: Text-criticism and the Pulpit
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It is also surprising there are thematic similarities between the Biblical Jesus and Julius Caesar; and, Julius Caesar also diffused the situation of his own wife being caught in the appearance of an adulterous situation.
Solid reasoning showing similarities between the cremation of Caesar and the Christian Easter Fire Ceremony can be found in the documentary
See: Jesus Was Caesar: On the Julian Origin of Christianity: An Investigative Report by Francesco Carotta
Also see the book Historical Accuracy by Steve Campbell
With the many thematic similarities between Julius Caesar and the Son of the Divine Augustus Caesar, the case of the similarities of the biography of Jesus to the biography of Julius Caesar is more complete, more convincing, when the incident of Caesar’s wife is re-written as the woman caught in adultery for Jesus.
The steel man technique suggests keeping an open mind by considering the best and most convincing parts of an opposing perspective. So before countering, one should explain the opposing argument in the best form possible.
A straw man argument might concentrate on something that hasn’t or will never happen or use circular reasoning. In contrast, steel man arguments present the strongest version of your opponent’s case.Jul 12, 2023
The steel man technique suggests keeping an open mind by considering the best and most convincing parts of an opposing perspective. So before countering, one should explain the opposing argument in the best form possible.
Excellent. So do us a favor and steel man the view of Jesus the historical apocalyptic prophet.
Stephen
Excellent. So do us a favor and steel man the view of Jesus the historical apocalyptic prophet.
Steefen, Argumentation Specialist, Investigator, Researcher, Writer
No. In the final analysis, Jewish Apocalypticism failed and Jesus was a false prophet.
That argument has been over for years. Prior to reaching conclusions, steel manning the case for Jesus has been done.
Catch up with the world, catch reality.
Luke 5:21 is a Supposition. A thing believed as uncertain but not as fact.
ει μη μονος ο Θεος
ει μη = Supposition
The Pharisees is this verse are ridiculing but also questioning if Jesus is speaking the λαλεω: contract verb, λαλ (εω) = λαλω + 3rd person singular active voice indicative mood present tense = λαλει
λαλει: He chirps like a bird with inarticulate speak and babbles like lalalala.
In a theological context λαλεω could also be synonymous with Blasphemy, hence the next word in the word is none the less βλασφημιας
τις εστιν ουτος ος λαλει βλασφημιας
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The [high school] National Speech & Debate Association (NSDA) replaced the National Forensic League (NFL). The name change was officially voted on by the Board of Directors in 2013, and the transition occurred in 2014. The NSDA was founded as the NFL in 1925. The name change was primarily motivated by a desire to be more accurate and reflect the broader scope of activities encompassed within the organization, which includes not only forensic activities (debate) but also speech events.
Resolved: Belief in the supernatural is incompatible with belief in science.
BDEhrman
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