I sometimes get asked why the Blessed Virgin Mary (allegedly) appears to people all the time but not Jesus.  As it turns, out, we may not hear about them as much, but there are appearances of Jesus that are recorded, some of them quite striking (here I’m not talking about in dreams but in waking life).

I talk about it in my book How Jesus Became God (HarperOne)  Here’s what I say there, slightly edited..

******************************

Jesus’ Appearances in the Modern World

And consider the modern appearances of Jesus. Some of these are documented by Phillip H. Wiebe, in his book Visions of Jesus: Direct Encounters from the New Testament to Today (My footnote says this: I should stress that Wiebe is not a religious fanatic on a mission. He is chair of the Philosophy Department at Trinity Western University and is a serious scholar. Still, at the end of the day, he thinks that something “transcendent” has led to some of the modern visions of Jesus he recounts. In other words, they – or some of them – are veridical.) Wiebe narrates twenty-eight case studies, which he examines from psychological, neuropsychological, mentalist, and other perspectives. Included is a vision of Jesus experienced by Hugh Montefiore, a well-known New Testament scholar at Cambridge University and later bishop of the Church of England, who converted to Christianity from Judaism at age sixteen because he had a vision in which Jesus appeared to him and told him to “follow me” – words that, at the time, the young Montefiore did not know were drawn from the New Testament.

Of particular interest are instances in which Jesus is said to have appeared to entire groups of people, rather than just to an individual.  No case is more intriguing than the last one Wiebe recounts in his study, that of Kenneth Logie, a preacher in a Pentecostal Holiness Church in Oakland California in the 1950s.  There are two appearances worth detailing.

The first occurred in April of 1954.  Logie was preaching at an evening service.  In the middle of his sermon, around 9:15 p.m., the door to the church opened up, Jesus walked in and came down to the aisle smiling to people on the right and the left.  He then walked through (not around) the pulpit and placed his hand on Logies’ shoulder.  Logie, understandably, collapsed.  Jesus spoke to him in an unknown foreign tongue, and Logie revived enough to reply to him in English, having understood what was said.  Wiebe tells us that fifty people were there and witnessed the event.

Strange things happen.  But what happened five years later was even stranger.  This one was seen by two hundred people, who confirmed they had seen it.  And remarkably, it was captured on film.  The reason it was filmed, Logie later indicated, was because very strange things had been happening in the church and they wanted to document it on 8 millimeter.

Wiebe himself saw the film in 1965.  A woman from the congregation was standing to give her testimony, when suddenly she disappeared and was replaced by a male figure who was obviously Jesus.  He was wearing sandals and a glistening white robe, and he had nail prints in his hand.  His hands were dripping with oil.  After several minutes, during which he apparently said nothing, he disappeared and the woman reappeared.

there still were surviving photographs of the other odd occurrences in the church back in 1959: images of hands, hearts, and crosses had started to appear from nowhere on the church walls, with liquid like oil flowing from them, and a fragrance being emitted.  The walls were checked by a skeptic, and there was no natural explanation for these appearances (no hidden windows or the like). 

Unfortunately, by the time Wiebe had decided to write the book, some twenty-six years after first seeing the film of the event, the film had disappeared.  Logie claimed it had been stolen.  Still, Wiebe was able to find, and interview, five people who were there and agreed that they saw the event happen.

Moreover, there still were surviving photographs of the other odd occurrences in the church back in 1959: images of hands, hearts, and crosses had started to appear from nowhere on the church walls, with liquid like oil flowing from them, and a fragrance being emitted.  The walls were checked by a skeptic, and there was no natural explanation for these appearances (no hidden windows or the like).  Wiebe has seen the photographs.

Skeptics may point out that the time between when these events allegedly happened in the 1950s and Wiebe’s written account of them amounts to several decades, and that may indeed raise some suspicions of the accuracy of the witnesses’ memories.  But Wiebe points out that it is about the same amount of time between the life of Jesus and the earliest Gospels.

Go figure…

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2026-09-03T09:53:11-04:00September 8th, 2026|Reflections and Ruminations|

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28 Comments

  1. Helen Young September 8, 2026 at 10:54 am

    I wonder how many people have little inner visions of Jesus?

    Images that just pop into their minds for one reason or another, perhaps even when they are not looking for them.

  2. LenaFerrari September 8, 2026 at 1:48 pm

    Hi, I have a question for Bart.
    Recently I’ve been talking to my grandma, who is a seventh day adventist, and it seems like their views of the afterlife are quite similar to the one of the historical Jesus. Are you at all familiar with their beliefs? Am I correct in my interpretation?

    • BDEhrman September 9, 2026 at 6:15 pm

      The group emerged out of the “Great Disappointment” that happened in 1844, when William Miller, a self-taught biblical “scholar” — and his followers — a huge group across America — had predicted (to the day) when Jesus would return, based on biblical prophecy, especially the book of Daniel. It didn’t happen. Huge disappointment. Some folk had sold the farm, literally. 7th Day Adventists emerged from that larger group under the leadership of Ellen White. They continue to maintain that the end is coming soon. They would insist their teachings precisely ARE the teachings of Jesus, but then again, so does every Christian group. Jesus certainly didn’t predict the end would come in the 21st century! In some ways all conservative Christian groups with high apocalyptic hopes sound a lot like Jesus in the NT, but the differendes are quite significant as well.

  3. SteadfastChief September 8, 2026 at 4:49 pm

    To Bart Ehrman, 9-8-26

    Have you ever heard this question, “did God ever promise Adam he would never take the spirit he breathed into him away? What does this question have to do with anything?

    • BDEhrman September 9, 2026 at 6:17 pm

      Nope I haven’t. But the answer is no.

    • SteadfastChief September 13, 2026 at 1:22 pm

      September 13, 2026
      So what happens to the spirit when a man dies according to the Bible?

      • BDEhrman September 17, 2026 at 7:23 pm

        Ancient Israelites thought of the Spirit the way we think of the “breath.” It is the sign and the requirement of us being alive. But when we die, it doesn’t go anywhere. It stops. In Jewish reckoning the body and soul/spirit were ONE thing, not two separate things. They did together. That’s the view of biblical authors both OT and NT. (Eternal life comes, then, when the spirit is put *back* into the body at the future resurrection of the dead)

  4. R_Gerl September 8, 2026 at 4:53 pm

    On these two issues, many in the congregation explicitly dismissed it as a cleverly done hoax [1]. The appearance of walking through objects is something that professional magicians can easily do. Like making people float in the air on stage. Somebody dressed up to look like the traditional Jesus was probably involved in the hoax(es). Wiebe’s film analysis severely undermined the supernatural claims. His conclusion was that the figure of “Jesus” lacked lifelike animation which strongly implies physical manipulation or a staged projection, see also [1]. These two incidents were clearly hoaxes. It is often said that truth is the first casualty of politics. Well, we see that truth is also the first casualty of religion.

    REF:
    [1] https://www.qeios.com/read/230205

  5. Dueling Banjos September 8, 2026 at 7:09 pm

    I signed up to ask a question…and it seems appropriate for this post

    luke 19:11

    “…because he was nigh to Jerusalem, and because they thought that the kingdom of God should immediately appear.”

    Seems to describe a belief and expectation in his followers that something was to happen regarding the “kingdom ” at Jerusalem.

    I wonder it this reflected a wide spread belief in his followers about what the coming kingdom meant specifically
    As he journeyed there and had plans with people prepared with palms and as he smashed the temple….shutting down the system for at least that day

    In your work, Does luke 19:11 reflect that his followers expected the “Coing of the Kingdom ” to be a specific event in Jerusalem?

    The description of what the kingdom is, is not well described

    Luke 19:11 seems to show a pre crucifixion belief in his followers of a cosmic manifestation, while the post crucifixion Pauline tradition describe a very different manifestation…a “Death of a god” mythos…

    Is this a fair interpretation?

    • BDEhrman September 9, 2026 at 6:27 pm

      I think the verse is usually taken to mean that the disciples thought the “End” was coming very soon, while Jesus was still with them; in the book of Acts (ch. 1) right after his resurrection they again think it is “now the time.” In both cases Jesus corrects them — in the Gospel by telling the parable of the pounds, to show there will be a waiting period, and in Acts by telling them that this should not be their concern but they need to focus on spreading the Gospel around the world. In other words, in both places Luke, the author (whatever his name/identity was) is trying to DISPEL the idea that the followers of Jesus should expect the end to come imminently.

      • Dueling Banjos September 9, 2026 at 9:21 pm

        Interesting…thank you for the clarification

  6. atrsim September 8, 2026 at 7:52 pm

    Was there any consistency in the images of Jesus and did they conform to the stereotypical picture? In other words, how did they know it was Jesus?

    • BDEhrman September 9, 2026 at 6:28 pm

      We don’t know what they saw, but I’d assume it was recognizable as Jesus from pictures people saw.

  7. John Forrest September 8, 2026 at 8:07 pm

    Hey Bart—I lost a bet during the Q&A tonight. I swore that you would bring
    up “Hoc est corpus” and the Hocus Pocus connection.

    Perhaps you are just too kind for that, if I read the room correctly.

    • BDEhrman September 9, 2026 at 6:30 pm

      Ha! It’s a great issue. My teacher Bruce Metzger loved to point out that in international dictionaries (back when we had those things), the term “hocus pocus” only appeared in those from Protestant countries! (since, as you indicate, the phrase originated as a mockery of the Catholic doctrine of transubstantiation, “This IS my body” (hoc est corpus meus).

  8. John Forrest September 8, 2026 at 8:15 pm

    I was going to submit as a question the following, but it came up, anyway!

    Question: Would it be a trick question to ask that if you experienced a “Paul on the road to Damascus”
    experience, how would it change your scholarship?

    I don’t believe it would—if it did, then you wouldn’t be doing New Testament historical
    investigation anymore.

    • BDEhrman September 9, 2026 at 6:32 pm

      No idea! I’d love to have one to see. But, well, I’m not expecting one soon. But I know lots of Christian scholars who believe Jesus was raised from the dead and appeared to people who can do historical scholarship. It just depends what *kinds* of historical scholarship and how far they’re willing to go with it…

  9. jebib September 8, 2026 at 10:13 pm

    As a Catholic I understand the logic of Mary making appearances. She has Jesus’ ear and can warn us and intercede for us. However, I cannot do the same with Jesus. As G-d for him to come back now with advice means when he first arrived everything was not done perfectly. And since as G-d that’s impossible. My only conclusion is it must be Lucifer trying to lead us astray! (how’d I do Professor?)

    • BDEhrman September 9, 2026 at 6:36 pm

      You have the makings of a theologian…

    • sLiu September 17, 2026 at 8:29 pm

      someone else mentioned here: how do we know what Mary looks like?

      I can definitely say I haven’t heard from the Holy Spirit in the past 15 years. When he did speak it wasn’t on scripture it was a tick.

      AS I spoke with my sister 13 years ago, typically such voices come from either the preacher you last heard or the group we are in.

      2003 during Sars, I would hear my voice & I would like Samuel in the bible, pray stopping my bike: I am here Lord, your servant.

      Some sisters In our bible group, since Church was cut off admitted they were calling for me on the East side of ECNU.

      Those were great times, in the middle of the night, praying on my knees in front of the compound.

      Modernization & advancing of the economy changed that to a modern advanced metropolitan!

      note during my freshman year undergrad I belonged to Maranatha Christian Ministries. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maranatha_Campus_Ministries

  10. iamevenbao September 9, 2026 at 12:44 am

    What might these people actually experienced?

    • BDEhrman September 9, 2026 at 6:41 pm

      It’s fun to think of the options. Some kind chicandery? An impostor? Were they drugged? Were their eyes actually open? Were they making it up? Did some say they saw the vision and later others “remembered” doing so as well, so as not to be left out? Lots of options, and take your pick!

  11. shinji September 9, 2026 at 7:11 am

    I understand your point. If one can believe accounts written decades after the miraculous resurrection of Christ, then one might likewise believe accounts of miraculous appearances of Christ in modern times. Conversely, if one cannot believe the former, one will probably be unable to believe the latter either. The crucial question, then, is what—if anything—distinguishes the two.

    This seems related to a much broader problem. Why do some people readily accept highly implausible conspiracy theories, while others find them impossible to believe? Why do some insist that fake news is true, while others reject it? I do not think this can be explained simply in terms of intelligence versus anti-intellectualism. There seems to be a deeper psychological issue at work. It causes people to come into conflict in many areas of life, while remaining largely unable to understand how the other side sees the world.

  12. kirbinator5000 September 9, 2026 at 8:53 am

    I don’t think modern miracle claimants are lying or Christians should dismiss supernatural reports outside the resurrection. The question is what best explains the testimony in each case.

    Marian apparitions often arise where people already venerate Mary and hope for a manifestation. That doesn’t prove the experiences are imaginary, but expectation, religious longing, and collective psychological dynamics provide conceivable natural explanations.

    The resurrection proclamation is different. The earliest witnesses werent reporting fulfillment of an expectation they already had. A crucified Messiah wasnt something anyone was waiting to see resolved by resurrection. Jewish hope concerned the resurrection at the end of history, not one individual rising bodily in the middle of history.
    The claim Jesus had been raised wasnt an obvious product of wish fulfillment. In important respects, it violated the categories of the people making it.

    That doesn’t prove the resurrection, but it makes the testimony historically distinctive. We’re trying to explain why multiple people/groups came to proclaim something unexpected and disruptive to their existing framework.

    The argument isn’t “we believe ancient miracles but reject modern ones.” It’s that miracle claims must be evaluated individually, and the resurrection is unusual because what was reported wasnt what witnesses were expecting.

  13. jmasdal September 12, 2026 at 2:59 am

    An acquaintance told me of an experience that happened while she was in a car with several other people. She saw Jesus in the sky — not clouds that looked like Jesus, but a full-color image of him. I asked if anyone else in the car saw it. She said “no.” I asked why she didn’t point it out to the others. She said that she didn’t know. I asked her why the appearance in the sky wasn’t reported in the news. My acquaintance then asked if I thought she imagined it. I told her that she saw what she needed to see. When I related this story to another person that I knew at the time, he referred to such visions as “viewer-dependent phenomena.”

  14. Yoshikatsu September 16, 2026 at 1:40 am

    Dr. Ehrman, thank you for the post. Do events like oil dripping from an image of a cross on a wall make Christianity more likely to be true? Could they have been fabricated?

    • BDEhrman September 23, 2026 at 4:40 pm

      Yes, when these things are carefully investigated by disinterested outsiders, they are almost always shown not to be “real”

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