In my last post I began to relate an anecdote about a traveling adventure I had several years ago, when giving lectures for a UNC trip to Egypt and Jordan with a stop at the famed St. Catherine’s monastery in the southern part of the Sinai peninsula, the place where Tischendorf had discovered the biblical manuscript codex Sinaiticus in the mid 19th century, and where a fire at the monastery in the 1970s had uncovered a hidden room found to contain manuscripts, including the pages from the Old Testament of the codex Sinaiticus that Tischendorf had not come away with from the monastery when he took the bulk of the manuscript with him back to Russian. (That is the longest sentence I’ve ever produced on the blog; it’s because I’m reading Proust right now….)
For me, one of the highlights of this trip was to be a visit to the monastery, a place that I had wanted to see for years. It is located in a completely barren location in the wilderness and is the one and only thing to see in the entire region. It’s not the kind of place that you can take in while seeing other regional sites. There aren’t any regional sites. And so we had one day set aside to see the monastery while heading up north on a cruise on the Gulf of Aqaba, traveling toward Jordan where we were scheduled to go to Petra.
And then something really disappointing happened. As I said, the monastery has thousands of visitors ever year. But as it turns out, on this particular day (because we had been unexpectedly delayed for unrelated reasons), the tour guide for the trip learned, it was to be closed to outsiders. There was an orthodox religious holiday. Ugh. That one day was one of the major reasons I had wanted to go on the trip.
As it turns out, along with the UNC alumni on the trip there were other alumni groups doing the same itinerary, so we all mingled together (there may have been something like 50-60 of us altogether?). The largest group was from the University of Texas at Austin. If you’ll remember, the only non-Greek monk at the monastery was Father Justin, himself a graduate of UT Austin. The tour guide knew this, and got in touch with him (over email I suppose). She explained the situation, that she had a group of alums from Texas with her, and they would very much like to see the monastery, but this was their only chance. Could he somehow arrange to allow us to see it even though it was closed?
He agreed. In fact, he said he would give us a private tour. Wow.
We went to the monastery and met up with him. I met him one on one, and as it turns out he knew very well my mentor, Bruce Metzger, and we had a nice talk about scholarship on the manuscripts of the New Testament. The monastery not only had once housed the codex Sinaiticus, but also other manuscripts of the Bible, one other that was also famous: a Syriac manuscript of the Gospels discovered in the late 19th century by two British women – twin sisters, whose story can be found in the intriguing book Sisters of Sinai: How Two Lady Adventurers found the Hidden Gospels – a manuscript still in the monastery. And so he and I had a very nice private conversation about the holdings of the monastery library.
Unfortunately, the library was under renovation as they were modernizing it for temperature and humidity control. So we couldn’t see it on our tour. But Father Justin graciously showed us all around the rest of the place (we even saw the Burning Bush, which, luckily, was no longer burning) along with the very nice little museum they have that displayed some of the monastery’s icons and manuscripts (including the Syriac Gospels manuscript discovered by the twins, tucked away in a corner display). It was a very interesting and enlightening tour, of the oldest continuously-functioning monastery in the Christian world.
When the tour was over, we were heading off to have lunch, and Father Justin beckoned to me. He wanted to say something to me in private. We huddled together as everyone else went off, and he said he wanted to show me something.
He unlocked the door into the library undergoing renovation, took me through the place, up a set of dark stairs; he unlocked a door at the top and into a room filled with boxes piled up, with a table in the middle that had a large relatively flat box on it. He took me to the box, and lifted the top off, and there, inside, was a manuscript.
Father Justin didn’t say anything, he was just smiling. Oh my God. I said, That’s Codex Sinaiticus!! He said, yes it is! It was the remaining leaves from codex Sinaiticus, the ones that Tischendorf had not taken away with him, the ones discovered in the 1970s. Right there in front of my eyes. Unprotected. Simply sitting in this box.
This portion was pages from the book of Numbers in the Old Testament. Father Justin pointed to the beginning of a section on the top page; it was the story of Balaam’s ass.
For me this was flat out amazing. I had known about this manuscript for over thirty years. It was the most famous manuscript of the Bible in the world. And here it was in all its glory, sitting on the table.
We looked at the manuscript for a few minutes and he explained to me some of its striking features, before he had to take me back down to rejoin the group. But it was an amazing few minutes, the absolute highlight of my trip, and probably my most memorable moment from any of the trips abroad I’ve taken.
Bart said: “That is the longest sentence I’ve ever produced on the blog; it’s because I’m reading Proust right now….”
Really? Or is this verisimilitude and evidence against Bart’s authorship? haha!
Ha! If I wrote *every* sentence like that, then you would have some evidence!
Hi Bart. I note that you didn’t included writings by Peter, Jesus’s brother James or John (Paul’s so called “pillars” of the early church) in the list of lost documents you would love to be discovered. Why do you think it is that so little if anything has come down to us from the earliest Jewish strand of Christianity? Was it just that they were a largely an illiterate bunch? Or was it that their teachings were fundamentally at odds with those that took hold amongst the Gentiles? Paul mentions the disputes over observance of the law, but I wonder if the differences went even deeper.
My view is that none of them wrote anything because they were all illiterate.
What a breathtaking moment, Bart! Thanks for telling us.
What a fascinating story to believe that you saw for yourself pages from the Codex. It must have been the most exhilarating experience one could ever imagine. It must have been even more so than when you saw the lost gospel of Judas in Switzerland. To know that you were in the presence of the oldest manuscript in the world of the Bible must have taken your breath away and realizing that you were perhaps the only person in their world outside of Tischendorf and those of the monastery that had seen this marvelous document. You in my book are one great man and am so privileged to know you.
Wow! You have lived a very amazing life and continue to do so. Thanks for sharing this amazing tale. What does the “burning bush” look like?
It’s a very large bush!
What an amazing adventure! Thanks for sharing it with us. Truth sometimes *is* “stranger than fiction.”
Woohoo! The countdown begins! http://www.harpercollins.com/9780062285201/jesus-before-the-gospels
And at http://www.amazon.com/Jesus-Before-Gospels-Christians-Remembered-ebook/dp/B00Z71VJJS/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1434558040&sr=8-2&keywords=jesus+before+the+gospels
What an opportunity missed! You should`ve done what Tischendorf did, and also claim that it was gifted to you by the head of monastery 🙂
Are monks in the Orthodox Church addressed as “Father”?
I am not familiar with their customs.
Yes.
Any burning bush merchandise? – totally 🙂
Wow! How lucky could you have been! Do you suppose he knew your work?.
I had the sense he did, but we didn’t talk about it.
!!!!!!
When in Heaven’s name do you find time to be reading Proust?!?
(Let me guess: It’s in the original French and you’ve already finished.)
sheesh…
No, it’s a terrific English translation, and on my travels just now, it’s hard to get much time in on it!
We are missing you, Dr. Ehrman, but the posts have been fantastically terrifically good even with you gone.
Hard to remember sometimes that many Christian treasures have prospered for 1300 years in the heart of Islam, especially when we see so much extremism on TV. Those of us anchored to our TVs and laptops envy you.
UT-Austin alumni are known for helping each other out, but I hadn’t expected it to go that far afield! Based on the generosity of spirit you describe, I’d say the monks richly deserve to have the whole codex returned to them.
Have you ever had the chance to study the Codex Vaticanus in person, and if so how did the two codices compare?
I’ve never seen it in the flesh. The texts of the two manuscripts are very close to one another for most of the NT.
Interesting.
And did you ever get a chance to see the two major Codex Sinaiticus section at the British Library and Leipzig?
And I would extend the question to seeing ** and handling ** ?
====
Surprisingly, the BBC video showing the pages being easily turned and does not show gloves.
Apparently gloves are a matter of disagreement among conservationists.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4Xkv2gjzZw
That easy handling may be because the manuscript is in “phenomenally good condition” (as explained by Helen Shenton of the Codex Sinaiticus Project.) There could be more wondering about why a manuscript, thought to be heavily handled and traveled over 1650 years is in such exceptional and excellent shape.
(Few people have actually compared the two Sinaiticus sections, that became possible visually by the Codex Sinaiticus Project. of 2009)
Thanks!
Steven Avery
I’ve seen the ms in the British Library a number of times, but that’s all.
I hope this latest vacation left you refreshed. What an amazing story. And you told it as if writing a novel. Hmmm…I would love to read a work of fiction from you. I suppose some of your detractors would maintain that you already have written some fiction. Ha…and how do you find time to read Proust? Great post!
Yes, it’s a bit hard to get much reading in when traveling!
I’ve never met a monk who wasn’t really cool. Nuns… Well, that’s another story.
Awesome story! Are you worried about the safety of the materials in this place, particularly in this region? (There has been political violence in the southern Sinai, though sporadic and relatively minor.)
No, I haven’t been worried about it. I’ve never heard of any political groups being interested in this isolated outpost of no strategic or political importance.
Your episodal memory didn’t seem so bad that time!
Ha! Well, remembering something clearly is not a sign of remembering something correctly!
Holy shit, what an opportunity. If that were me, I’d be freaking out, like “get this thing preserved, put it behind glass or something!”
Wow… What I fantastic story!I can only imagine how memorable it must have been! Even I felt amazed.
This was a great post. It starts with the most hilarious etiology for your longest sentence in the history of the blog and ends with this marvelous moment.
Did you touch it??
No, didn’t want to leave any further human traces on it! (Normally when you handle ancient manuscripts you have to wear gloves; but I didn’t have any with me.)