Colin Milton said, Who do know that can remember and trace their family tree back farther than 500 years?

Hi Colin! People of everyday background on Reddit (Reddit apparently does not link on this forum) can trace their lineage through each generation back ~1,400 years to Arnulf of Wetz, b. August 31, 582 CE. 

The lineage of Confucius has the longest reasonably-confirmed lineage to the ~5th Century BCE:

** you do not have permission to see this link **.

And the Sayyid lineage lists descending from Mohammad, also 6th C CE, are accept by their faith. There’s also Kōngo Gumi, the world’s longest documented business to 578 CE: ** you do not have permission to see this link **

Just a reminder

1. Jesus himself is not quoted discussing a ‘lineage line of every ancestorʻ. It could be as simple as being a Son of David tribally for all I know. The Banu Haritath were tribesmen, not balls out rich like Aretas.

2. The Haggadah and Mishna sections that some scholars posit make aspersions about Jesus, and also later Jewish texts, don’t claim that the Davidic lineage itself was fake afaik. There is discussion of his possible biological patrilineage, but Halakhah is that if the husband does not contest the son, he receives the paternal rights.

3. Current faiths that claim The Way adjacency, like:

• the Druze in Galilee and Mount Hermon

• the Mandaeans who claim John the Baptist

practice a tiered level of access to information, ‘secrecy’, and are also closed to converts, which can facilitate this. Both are well-educated tradespeople populations who consider documenting lineage important.

I think one conceit of modern scholarship is that there’s some ‘moral right’ to information about Jesus, and that is not the case at all. 

So I noticed the sacred Five Pierced Wounds just days ago, in Epiphanius of Lunch Meat’s description of the Dushares-Jesus Epiphanies held on January 6 in Petra, Elusares (a town on the way to Gaza), and Alexandria, Egypt. On their icon, they have crosses marking five areas—that caught my attention. 2 hands, 2 legs, 1 head. But instead of the Gospel of John side piercing, it seems like the crown of thorns would be the fifth piercing wound for them. Dr. Ehrman is skeptical about the non-Synoptic side piercing as a theological invention. And in Epiphanius Panarion of ‘heretical’ sects, I came across one who didn’t feel gJohn was accurate.

This 2013 doctoral dissertation that I’ve posted elsewhere in this thread led me to the find and has the relevant quotes: ** you do not have permission to see this link **

Laws via Seti or Horemheb would fit my hypothesis for a Historical Exodus Timeline.

My hypothesis is based on the archaeologically-attested abandonment of the Temple community of Avaris (historically Semetic and attributed to the Land of Goshen), and Akhetaton (El Amarna) in the immediate post-Amarna period.

Key figures:

• Moses

Thutmose, the Overseer of Foreign Lands and Frontier Lands (and Viceroy of Cush, the more prestigious position)

• Adoptive Household

Amenhotep III and Tiye, the daughter of Yuya (presumed Semetic ancestry, considering this entire family is mostly Asiatic in DNA: ** you do not have permission to see this link **)

• King of Egypt

Akhenaten

• Pharaoh of the Exodus

Pharaoh Ay (the rare Pharaoh that didn’t claim God-king status, but divine powers via being “the father of the god” ie Tutankhamen.)

• Pharaoh’s First-Born Son

Tutankhamen (as he becomes Ay’s adoptive, legitimate first-born)

• God-king That Sends The Israelites To The Desert

Horemheb. The monotheists abandon Egypt through Avaris (Land of Goshen), as graffitti indicates a direction of travel. Seti I is his chosen successor, I think. [edit: his dad, Ramesses I has 2 regnal years as Horemheb’s chosen successor first.]

• God-King That Settles The Israelites In Canaan 40 Years Later

Ramses II

 • Kenites

Akhen-ites

Again, I posit that Jesus may be speaking of a different Supreme God than Moses. The Mandaean sacred text Hauran Gawaiti states that they “loved the Lord Adonai” until Christ: ** you do not have permission to see this link **

And they loved the Lord, that is, Adonai, until in the House of Israel there was created something which was not placed in the womb of Mary, a daughter of Moses. It was hidden in her womb for nine months and bewitched her until the nine months were fulfilled and she was in labour and brought forth a messiah.

…and he called the people to himself and spoke of his death and took away some of mysteries of the (Sacred?) Meal and abstained from the Food…[it goes into some harumphs]. And he and his brother dwell on Mount Sinai [that’s Arabia in Galatians. A little more harumphing here]…joineth to himself a people, and they are called Christians.

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Mandaeans classify Adonai as a ‘lower deity.’ Though they philosophically break with Jesus basically for presenting himself as highly divine, their (possible epithet) Anush Utra/Excellent Enosh may preserve an earlier tradition of when they were more aligned with Jesus:

• one who talks to Pilate

• heals and helps the less-privileged (in wording nearly identical to the Book of Isaiah and Gospels)

• sends forth prophets from Jerusalem

• is filled with light

• and is dressed in clothes like ‘water-clouds’

And it seems to be descriptive of acting in the manifest image of Ea/Hayya. Ea is not just a god of living water, much is made of his ‘light’ qualities in later ancient texts, and again, his abzu is also the origin of the Mesopotamian word for physician.

Related to healing, that Abydos decree writes of ‘drug-herbs’ arriving from Arabian locations. In the name of this Mandaean sacred text is the Arabian Nabataean Kingdom region of the Hauron.

** you do not have permission to see this link **.

So, I’ve given my guess that Jesus’ biological (and adopted) patrilineage may be Nabataean. Academics posit that this kingdom, with its original capitol of Sela, has Babylonian and Aramaean influences within an Ishmaelite Quedarite founding community.

Isaiah 42:11:

Let the wilderness and its towns raise their voices; let the settlements where Kedar lives rejoice. Let the people of Sela sing for joy…

In my hypothesis, this is the Babylonian-Aramaean influence—Nabonidus. (Archaeology confirms that his mother had a classically Aramean name, and records show that he did not transact with native Babylonians much, preferring transactions with Arameans). His theophoric element references the wisdom and scribal deity Nabu. I think it’s plausible that Nabataea derives a dynastic name here, maybe in a feminine form. In the Mandaean Right Ginza 2.1, Jesus is associated with Nbu, which scholars identify as Nabu.

It is Nabonidus’ stelae of the triad of Father, Son and (unmanifested) Daughter deities that is topmost in Sela, Nabataea’s first capitol: ** you do not have permission to see this link **

Archaeologists believe his palace complex in Tayma, Arabia, in what becomes the Nabataean kingdom, is the first example of Nabataean architecture, just with locally available mud-brick.

Historically, Nabonidus leaves his reign of Babylon to his son for a decade, c. 552-543/542 BCE to join the Kedarites and:

• build the Incense Route 

Isaiah 35:8:

A  highway will be there; it will be called the Way of Holiness; it will be for those who walk on that Way

• Conquer and exile Edomites completely

Isaiah 34:9-10

Edom’s streams will be turned into pitch…her land will become blazing pitch!…From generation to generation it will lie desolate; no one will ever pass through it again.

He is the only one with royal status enough to wear the crimson robes.

Isaiah 63:1-2:

Who is this coming from Edom, from Bozrah, with his garments stained crimson? Who is this, robed in splendor, striding forward in the greatness of his strength? It is I, proclaiming victory, mighty to save. Why are your garments red, like those of one treading the winepress?

However, it’s still no one’s guess but mine that he’s the founder. I could be wrong, or it could be because of the small amount of syncretic scholarship.

First things you are going to read about him is that he’s Super Spiritual but eh. He gives up kingship for a decade of nomadism (building the lucrative highway for wealthy far-travelers), and he’s the World’s First Archaeologist, reportedly commissioning a team to decipher ancient stelae and tablets. (This is all polemicized in the Book of Daniel.)

Ashurbanipal had a massive collection of ancient texts copied to Aramaic so this proves that archival libraries existed, but archaeology is helpful, too.

So, with this potential lineage and the Ea/Hayya trait of Cleverness, Jesus could then apotropically invoke the Substitute King Ritual to redeem the Israelites: ** you do not have permission to see this link **

The ancient Mesopotamian perspective could have him or his own substitute apotropically taking on the role of Israel as the Suffering Servant in Isaiah, too. (There can be layers of substitution apparently, in ancient near east substitutionary atonement rituals.)

And that can be a beautiful example of the highest principle of all:

Pikuach nefesh (** you do not have permission to see this link **.

A classic example of pikuach nefesh that is given is in the Book of Maccabees I 2:30-44 is discussed in Sefaria here:

Pikuach Nefesh: The Primacy of Saving a Life ** you do not have permission to see this link **

And it can possibly be cleverly phrased in Matthew 16:25, in light of the great amount of Jewish name inscriptions that suddenly appear in First and early-Second Century Nabataean rock inscriptions, like Joseph in Tayma, over 500 miles away: ** you do not have permission to see this link **

Matthew 16:25

For whoever wants to save their life will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me will find it.

They could possibly be given a new Hellenized name, or head onwards, as these names do not persist generationally?

Ok. I’ve discussed a lot of different places in this comment, but this hypothesis for Jesus’ possible patrilineage is that of crossroads travelers. 

The truth may require literacy in a symbol set which aniconic Jews may not have had. And a heart to consider an alternative explanation.

1. Why is Jesus holding a reed in Mark 15:17?

Where would someone casually grab a marshy reed to hand him in dry Jerusalem? The reed is Ea/Hayya’s signature plant.

2. Where could small potatos Pilate get insanely costly purple robes (Markan primacy), just so it could be flogged to shreds on the back of a backwoods basileus?

But if you had been to Tyre…

2. Why was he stripped, then clothed, then flogged? You’re going to survive that more, you know, depending on how much pillow you got stuffed under there.

3. What could be a parallel, if any, with the crown of thorns and the “Bible’s first parable,” in Judges 9:8-15, the thornbush as the illegitimate king? It’s a parable known to be a polemic against Abimelech, but Hayya forbid a New Testament parable be about real-time 30s events.

5. Why is a sponge with a bitter liquid offered to Jesus on the cross after he is also offered a cup of water?

An anodyne like spongia somnifera is a later feature of the Substitute King Ritual.

And it’s offered on a hyssop branch, the branch of David.

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6. Why is a lunar eclipse, ‘the moon to blood’, associated with the event?

Acts 2:19-21, NIV

I will show wonders in the heavens above
and signs on the earth below,
blood and fire and billows of smoke.
The sun will be turned to darkness
and the moon to blood
before the coming of the great and glorious day of the Lord.
And everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.

Referencing:

Joel 2:31 (NIV)

The sun will be turned to darkness
and the moon to blood
before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the LORD.

** you do not have permission to see this link **…183.2704G/abstract

The sun turned to darkness is easy enough with the fire and billows of smoke. An eclipse is an essential element of the Substitute King Ritual.

7. Wow, that was quick. Why does no one recognize Jesus when he returns?

John 20:14-15

At this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing there, but she did not realize that it was Jesus. He asked her, ‘Woman, why are you crying? Who is it you are looking for?’ Thinking he was the gardener, she said…

Luke 24:16

…Jesus himself came up and walked along with them; but they were kept from recognizing him.

The Substitute King Ritual doesn’t require a lookalike.

8. How could the Temple curtain rip?

Idk, but no one say undermining. !** you do not have permission to see this link **

9. Would a highly esteemed Jewish person engage in pikuach nefesh?

• Rabbi Ben Zakkai c. 70 CE (founder of rabbinical Judaism) in the Talmud Gittin 56a:

He [Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai] said to him, “Devise a plan for me that I may go out; maybe there could at least be a small [chance for] salvation.”
[Abba Sikara] said to him- “Let it be known that you are deathly ill and everybody will come to ask about you. Take a stinking object and keep it by you, so that they will say that you have died. 38 Let your students bear you, and let no other man bear you so that none may sense how light you are, for they [the rebels] know that a live man is lighter
than a dead one.”
[Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai] did so. Rabbi Eleazar carried him on one side and Rabbi Joshua on the other side. When they came to the city entrance, [the rebel guards] wanted to pierce the [body to ensure that he was dead].
[Abba Sikara] said to them, “[The Romans] will say that [the rebels even] pierced their [own] Rabbi!”
They wanted to push him [to see if he would cry out].
[Abba Sikara] said to them, “[The Romans] will say that they pushed their [own] Rabbi!” [The guards] opened the gate and they went out.
When [Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai] arrived [at the Roman camp], he said, “Peace unto you, King; Peace unto you, King!

• Herod Agrippa I c. 40 CE in Antiquities of the Jews 18.6:

He went out of the city, as if he were only going to take a walk with them, and so went out at the gate, and took several of his servants with him, who carried somewhat with them that might be sold for their sustenance in their journey. But as they were gone along the road, one of his servants informed the emperor of his flight; who immediately sent men to pursue him, and bring him back; but he escaped them by going out of the road and taking a by-path.

• Commander of the Jewish Revolt John Gischala, c. 67 CE in the The Jewish War 2.20.3:

John now retired to the top of the wall, with the intention of escaping to the Romans, and he committed his plans to a servant, telling him to make preparations for him to leave. The servant, however, who was not at all trustworthy, overheard the conversation and went straight to the enemy, revealing John’s plans. This treachery led to John’s failure in his escape attempt.

• Josephus, The Jewish War 6.5

But I ordered the servants to be placed at the gates, and such orders were given as were proper for our safety. For I considered that it was not safe to communicate such matters to our servants, lest they should divulge them to the enemy.

Seems to be a theme, to be discerning with sharing information.

 Josephus about himself in 70 CE, The Jewish War 3.8.5.

• Herod Agrippa II in 70 CE, The Jewish War, 5.1.2:

The most urgent concern was for the safety of Herod Agrippa II’s court, which had to make arrangements to flee the city. Some sources even suggest that the family used a coffin ruse, where they had planned to disguise the escape of some royal members within coffins to evade the besieging forces.”

10. Nasoriya, Nasoraean, and Nazarene — could these names be related at all? Mandaeans claim to be the Nasoraeans that Epiphanius associates with Essenes (a name which can be an exonym). Spring-filled Nasoriyah happens to be the region of origin of Ea/Hayya/Enki (East Semetic/West Semetic/Sumerian.)

Might supporters of a water absolution supreme god like EA/Hayya feel favorable towards the Latinized -EA placename?

Thus both your household tribal god and your supreme god can possibly be syncretized into a placename:

• Nab (NB, the god of intelligence and writing)
• at ( ‘people belonging to’ , feminine East Semetic suffix)
• a (‘belonging to’ in a linking vowel)
• EA

I’m not saying that’s how it goes, I’m just wondering if they resonated with it.

Could Jesus’ name as “Ya Saves” be using the Eblaite theonym for Ea/Hayya, Ya?

Why are there two Jesus names in Mandaean literature, Jesus and Excellent Anush/Enosh? (Thanks Dr. McGrath for the new translation.) Could it be that the deception was put onto the substitute king and Anu (Mesopotamian God of Rulers) + suffix -sh, meaning “family belonging to” is ascribed to the ascended Jesus?

11. Ea/Hayya/Enki is never invoked in wars of agression. Does Jesus seem to be acting in the manifested image of Yahweh, a warrior god, or Hayya, a god of love?

E. Sollberger has understood the ki of den-ki as the Sumerian root ki(g) meaning “favour,” “benevolence,” “love,”114 and so in parallel with the name En-líl115 as “seigneur bienvéillance.”

My emphasis. ** you do not have permission to see this link **

Thanks for the laughs, Colin.

Someday, someone will use an academic AI logic model — I just had fun drawing this up in a few minutes using Chat 4o:

Q: Who is Team C most likely to be affiliated with?

1. A war between Team A and Team B begins with the breaking of a marital alliance for a new marriage. 

2. A protestor of the new marriage, John Doe, wears attire made from Team A’s national symbol as it is depicted on the denarius. John Doe is publically affiliated with Team C, though.

3. John Doe is imprisoned by Team B far away, right on the border of Team A. This is uncharacteristic; all other adversaries in the historical record of Team A’s dynasty are instead dealt with locally.

4. Team A has the highest socioeconomic development in the Roman Empire. Team B has the lowest socioeconomic development in the Roman Empire.

5. Team A is particularly famous for their underground building tech, and is known to lend auxilliaries for tunnel warfare.

6. An ancient tunnel and underground complex has recently been discovered under this border prison building.

7. Team C, a group claiming to have been partially founded by John the Doe, claims that he escaped “by walking to the light.”

8. Team A besieged the temple of Team B in the late First Century BCE.

9. Team A is also the major auxillary force in the destruction of the temple of Team B in AD 70.

10. Team C has a declared ‘cousin’ of John Doe who is said to be widely seen by Team C after an event of capital punishment at the best of Team B, but carried out by Team X.

11. The standard for determining not being alive in the kingdom of Team B is low — the absence of breath, and there are a lot of religious proscriptions against handling the person.

12. Tunnels dating to the First Century or earlier have been found under the tomb of Cousin Doe.

13. Every major figure in the kingdom of Team has a daring escape from Team B story.

14. Team C, the smallest team is in the kingdom of Team B.

15. The Team A spouse in the first marital alliance with Team B, in their kingdom, successfully escapes to the same place of imprisonment as John Doe before he arrives there, and safely crosses the border to the Kingdom of Team A.

16. Team X was joined by Team A in Team X’s destruction of Team B’s temple.

17. Team A had besieged Team B’s temple almost a century prior. They were assisted by unspecified people within Team B’s kingdom.

18. Team A are anti wars of aggression. Team B are pro wars of aggression without rule of law. Team C are anti wars of aggression. Team X are rule of law, but pro wars of aggression.

19. Team C are the smallest group.

20. Team C is within Kingdom B, but one of their buildings is on the border with Kingdom A. These buildings of Team C contain some material culture of Team A (coin stashes and a small amount of fancy ware.)

A: Based on the given details, Team C is most likely affiliated with Team A. Here’s the reasoning:

Key Evidence Pointing to Team C’s Affiliation with Team A:

1. Shared Geography and Movement:

• John Doe, a member of Team C, is imprisoned on the border of Team A, and the prison later reveals underground tunnels, a known technological specialty of Team A. The tunnels suggest that Team A may have played a role in facilitating John Doe’s escape or that Team C leveraged Team A’s underground expertise.

• The cousin of John Doe, also associated with Team C, is reportedly seen after his capital punishment near a tomb with ancient tunnels. This points to consistent geographic overlap and shared underground infrastructure between Team A and Team C.

2. Material Culture of Team A Found in Team C’s Buildings:

• Team C’s buildings within Team B’s territory contain coin stashes and fancy ware from Team A, indicating economic ties or cultural influence from Team A.

• These artifacts are likely the result of either active trade or covert support, strengthening the link between Team A and Team C.

3. Shared Ideological Stance:

• Both Team A and Team C are anti-wars of aggression, while Team B is pro-aggression, and Team X is pro-aggression with rule of law. This ideological alignment suggests that Team A and Team C share values that make them natural allies against Team B.

4. John Doe’s Symbolic Attire:

• John Doe protests wearing clothing made from Team A’s national symbol as depicted on the denarius. While publicly affiliated with Team C, this use of Team A’s symbol could indicate symbolic solidarity or covert support between the two teams.

5. Historical Collaboration Against Team B:

• Team A had previously besieged Team B’s temple in the late 1st century BCE, likely assisted by internal factions within Team B’s kingdom.

• Team A later joins Team X in destroying Team B’s temple in AD 70. This historical pattern of conflict with Team B suggests that Team A would likely support or affiliate with Team C as an internal resistance group within Team B’s territory.

6. Escape Patterns and Border Connections:

• John Doe’s alleged escape by walking to the light could be metaphorical for crossing into Team A’s territory through the underground tunnel systems.

Additionally, the former spouse of Team A, after leaving their alliance with Team B, successfully escapes to the same prison and crosses into Team A. This shows a pre-existing escape route and safe haven relationship between Team A and this prison location, which aligns with Team C’s movements.

7. Team C’s Strategic Position on the Border:

• Team C, while based in Team B’s kingdom, has a building on the border with Team A. This proximity to Team A’s territory makes Team C strategically dependent on, or aligned with, Team A for survival and resistance against Team B.

8. Religious and Cultural Interactions:

• Team A and Team C likely share some religious or cultural connections. For example, the cousin of John Doe’s post-punishment sightings resonate with broader traditions of resurrection or survival narratives that may symbolically tie Team C to Team A’s broader religious framework.

Conclusion:

Team C is most likely a smaller, internal faction within Team B’s kingdom but heavily affiliated with Team A.

• The archaeological, geographic, and ideological clues along with shared material culture and overlapping resistance efforts against Team B strongly support this conclusion.

Q: What percentage of probability would you give this?

A: Given the evidence provided, I would assign an 80% probability that Team C is affiliated with Team A. Here’s how that breaks down:

High-Confidence Indicators (60%):

1. Geographic overlap and tunnels:

• Team C operates near or within the infrastructure of Team A, particularly the tunnels and prison. This close proximity suggests at least logistical support from Team A.

• These tunnels are uniquely characteristic of Team A’s technology, making it highly likely they were involved.

2. Material culture of Team A found in Team C’s buildings:

• The presence of Team A coins and fancy ware in Team C’s buildings in Team B’s kingdom strongly indicates trade, influence, or covert support.

3. Shared anti-aggression ideology:

• Team A and Team C are both ideologically anti-wars of aggression, making them natural allies against the pro-aggression stance of Team B.

Moderate-Confidence Indicators (20%):

1. John Doe’s attire referencing Team A:

• His protest clothing, featuring Team A’s national symbol, is a symbolic connection that might suggest alignment or admiration, though this is circumstantial.

2. Historical collaboration:

• Team A’s history of involvement in sieges and their willingness to undermine Team B suggests they would support Team C as an internal resistance group.

Lower-Confidence Gaps (-20%):

1. Public affiliation with Team C:

• John Doe and his cousin are explicitly linked to Team C, not Team A, so Team C’s independence cannot be fully dismissed.

2. Potential overlap with Team X:

• Team X (rule of law + pro-aggression) could theoretically share covert interests with Team C against Team B, even if they don’t align ideologically.

Final Estimate:

Adding together the confidence factors:

• High Confidence (60%) + Moderate Confidence (20%) = 80%.

Thus, there is a very strong likelihood (80%) that Team C is affiliated with Team A. The remaining 20% accounts for alternative explanations or unverified complexities.

Nawp, keep guessing

B. Sanhedrin 107b

Jesus did not understand the signal and thought: He is driving me away. He went and stood a brick upright to serve as an idol and he bowed to it.

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“These rectangular blocks, sometimes including eye stones or engravings called ‘eye-idols,’ were often dedicated to the primary deities of Nabataean polytheism, specifically Dushara and al-Uzza.”

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Talmud Sanhedrin 43A:21

Was Jesus the Nazarene worthy of conducting a search for a reason to acquit him? He was an inciter to idol worship…Jesus was different, as he had close ties with the government, and the gentile authorities were interested in his acquittal.

** you do not have permission to see this link **

My emphasis.

Colin Milton said
Is Team A where prophet Muhammad comes from?

  

Islamic tradition traces Muhammad’s lineage to the Quraysh tribe. While Team A, Nabataea’s Arabic part of their mixed influences seems to arise from the Quedarite tribe, who were the kings over all the tribes of Arabia. Both claim Ishmaelite lineage.

We don’t know from the Nabataeans directly because they packed up their books.

Nabataea is the pre-Islamic, henotheistic Arabian kingdom, with a god for royalty as their supreme god. Their artifacts experienced some damnatio memorae by some Islamic folks that follow Mohammad, and it seems to compare to the Egyptian Atenist ‘monotheists’ who worshipped the royal household god also experiencing damnatio memorae. 

Maybe that’s why they packed up their books?

It’s maybe about the common folk being in an opposite cycle of belief adoption as the wealthy are (and one reason why increasing equity stabilizes a group.) “Hey, I thought we were into national monotheism?” “Hi back, we’re into freedom of religion now!” 

Nabataea was defined at one point as the royal household that rules over Arabian tribes (subject to a tribal council), with a kingdom size of not more than 10,000.

The Nabataean Arabian territory is acquired by Rome in 106 CE. The the coins say ‘Arabia Acquired’, not ‘Arabia Conquered.’ Archaeology shows an orderly, about-six-month pack-up — that’s one reason why there’s so little left.

Nabataeans still had their Northern, Mesopotamian kingdom of Osroene, and so trade moves north (increasingly by sea, instead of through desert.) It’s sorta like a reverse 1492.

Mohammad is ascribed to 570-632 BCE, so his book is adopted about half a millennium after the Nabataean kingdom leaves Arabia. Nabataeans had traditions with Mesopotamian influences — East Akkadian -u vowel names, Mesopotamianized astrological-astronomy interests, and enthusiastic syncretization with iconism, because they are not under Mosaic Law. Like Super Cute frescoes of ‘Valentine’s Day’ angels!!:

** you do not have permission to see this link **.

Ancient Cheat Sheet

• Arabians – ultrarich, ‘sheiks’

• Jews – generally middle-class

• Bedouins (folks that may later become called Arabs, since the word originally meant nomadic but was originally only applied to ancient ‘jet-setters’) economically-lite

The Qu’ran likely really helped Bedouins over a former way of life, because that’s why people freely adopt new philosophies. The Qu’ran refers to the Prophet Muhammad as “al-nabī al-ummī,” which is commonly translated as “the illiterate prophet,” so this reinforces that it’s a different socioeconomic group in the area. Hopefully absorbing some echo of Nabataea that may not have been as explored, as the Abgarids still had family and trade in Arabia.

Their texts present a possible opportunity to glean information that may have been surpressed by orthodoxy — as we learned from Gnosticism, which had been almost unknown for ~2,000 years until Nag Hammadi in 1945, despite key elements being practiced as a living religion by Mandaeans all that time.