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The Gospel of Mark: Are You Interested in a More Extended Discussion?

These "In a Nutshell" posts on the books of the New Testament are obviously meant to provide quick, concise, and accurate information about each of the books of the New Testament.  Many of you may be interested in longer expositions.  To that end, you may be interested in the far more extensive discussions that I give in the various lecture courses that I've done on some of them for the venture I started a couple of years ago, Paths in Biblical Studies (unconnected with the blog). I particularly enjoyed the eight-lecture one I did  on the Gospel of Mark  (50 minute lectures; two Q&A's; and additional materials provided).  You can find it here:  Unknown Jesus. Blog members get a discount with the code Blog5. Whether you want to get the course or not, I thought it would be valuable to explain what I cover there, lecture by lecture.  And so here is a summary, along with questions for reflection that some should be able to answer if they've listened to the lecture. Lecture [...]

2025-09-10T13:11:07-04:00March 9th, 2025|Public Forum|

March 2025 Gold Q&A

Gold & Platinum Members, Our monthly Gold Q&A is here—your opportunity to submit your burning questions and have Bart answer them. What have you always wanted to know? Send in your questions at: [email protected] (Don’t ask them in the comments of this post – they won’t be included!) Remember, short, to-the-point questions will be given preference. We have limited time for Q&A, so do what you can to keep things concise. The March Q&A will take place on Sunday March 30th at 2pm EDT. If you can’t make the live recording, the session will be recorded as usual. We will send a link to the recording out via email within a day or two. The deadline for your question submission is Thursday March 27th, at 11:59pm (whenever that happens to land for you). Zoom Link to join the Q&A on March 30th: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/85658751075?pwd=FP6pMwvc7qXjCu6qsKt2wk50QygzyX.1 Hope to see you there! P.S. - Are you looking for replays of previous months' Q&As? We're working on a long-term solution to make them easier to find. In the meantime, here's an inventory [...]

2025-09-10T13:11:07-04:00March 7th, 2025|Public Forum|

Webinar Announcement: The Afterlife of Animals with Barbara Ambros

Register: https://unc.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_9Oxg0DBJQ_2WiyHKO7Elsw Donate: https://give.unc.edu/donate?f=105550&p=aasf https://vimeo.com/1063322255/1f0e8c4faa?share=copy Will I See Fido in Heaven? The Afterlife of Animals in Buddhism and Christianity Do our pets go to heaven? Do they have souls? Can we talk about the salvation of a pet? What about reincarnation, can our pets come back as other animals, or even as people? This new webinar from UNC Chapel Hill explores these questions by bringing together experts on Christianity and Buddhism to compare how these religions view animals. Please join us for a conversation about the religious lives of the most beloved members of our households, our pets (and other animals, too)! This engaging webinar will feature Barbara R. Ambros, an internationally recognized expert on Buddhism and Chair of the Department of Religious Studies, and Bart Ehrman, a leading scholar of early Christianity and James A. Gray Professor of Religious Studies. Together, they will explore, compare, and discuss the fascinating perspectives these two distinct religious traditions offer on animals and the beyond. The suggested donation is $10. 100% of your gift goes the Robert Miller Graduate [...]

2025-09-10T13:11:07-04:00March 6th, 2025|Public Forum|

The Acts of the Apostles: For Further Reading

Now that I’ve devoted two posts to the major sine qua non of the book of Acts – one that lays out its major themes and emphases, the other that deals with who wrote it, when, and why, I can provide some suggestions for further reading, important works written by scholars for non-scholars.   I have given brief annotations for each book to give you a sense of what it’s about and so help you decide which, if any, might be worth your while. I have divided the list into three sections: Books that provide important discussion of Luke in general or with respect to a particularly key topic Commentaries that give lengthy introductions to all matters of importance about the book of Acts and then go passage by passage to provide more detailed interpretation (that’s where you can dig more deeply into “what does this particular word actually mean?”; “what is the real point of this passage”; how does this passage relate to what Luke says elsewhere in his two-volume work or [...]

2025-09-10T13:11:06-04:00March 5th, 2025|Public Forum|

The God Hypothesis. What Do You Think?

I don’t think you can disprove the existence of God.  And I don’t think you can prove it.  There are some things that by their very nature are not susceptible of proof, at least at this stage of our knowledge, including some things that theoretically exist or not.  If you want to insist that one of the universes within the multiverse is an exact replica of ours down to the very molecule – so that my cosmic double is typing these very words the moment I am – I have no way of proving it or disproving it. (some will argue it's likely, esp. if there is an infinite number of universes – in which case in another one of them my cosmic virtual double is typing these words but changing one of them; and in another….) Even so, that kind of thing could in theory be proven or disproven if human knowledge expands geometrically in the future, since we would (probably) be talking about a physical entity that exists.  But when it comes to [...]

2025-09-10T13:11:05-04:00February 26th, 2025|Public Forum|

All Four Gospels in One Nutshell

So far in this thread on “The New Testament in a Nutshell” I’ve covered the four Gospels, each in four posts.  The first always begins with a 50-sentence summary of the major themes and emphases of the book.  In this post I want to make things easily accessible for anyone interested in the broad similarities and contrasts of the Gospels, by putting all four sentences in one place. But before that, it would be useful to have a fifty-word summary of all four Gospels as a whole. Give it a try yourself.  What can you come up with?  A statement that is accurate, informative, and concise?  Accuracy is particularly difficult, since a lot of general statements wold not apply to all four Gospels: for example, if your summary was to include a brief comment on the miracles and you included Jesus’ exorcisms, that wouldn’t be right, since Jesus never casts out a demon in the Gospel of John.  And you can’t say that in all four Jesus died (as an atonement) for the sake of [...]

2025-09-10T13:11:05-04:00February 25th, 2025|Canonical Gospels, Public Forum|

Some Intriguing Questions from Readers 2/2025

Here are some interesting readers’ questions I’ve received that I think would be of some interest to other blog members, along with my answers which may or may not be of interest!   QUESTION I often find that historians of early Christianity use the terms “historical Jesus/Paul/whoever” and “real Jesus/Paul/whoever” somewhat interchangeably, which I don’t love. I think there’s a difference between the historical Abraham Lincoln, who is an artificial human construct arrived at by following the rules of historical scholarship, and the real Abraham Lincoln, who is someone we have no access to. Perhaps I’m being too post-modernist though. Perhaps somewhat analogous are Proto-Indo-European, an artificial human reconstructed language obtained by following the rules of historical linguistics to the best of our ability, and whatever was truly spoken by any particular speaker in the Pontic-Caspian steppe in, say, 6000 BCE. Or, as a looser analogy, Biblical religion as it existed in its ideal form in the mind of the priestly redactors of the Tanakh, and Israelite-Judean religion that any particular person in say 600 [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:48-04:00February 18th, 2025|Public Forum, Reader’s Questions|

Did Jesus Have a Near-Death Experience? – Platinum Post by Douglas Wadeson MD

There have been books written and at least one movie I know of that are based on the idea of near-death experiences.  An NDE is an episode in which a person suffers some significant medical problem, like a heart attack or a drowning, and almost dies and has some sort of out-of-body experience or vision before being resuscitated. Let me put my cards on the table right at the start: there is really no such thing as a “near-death” experience; it is like saying a woman is “near-pregnant.”  Either you are dead or you are not; pregnant or not.  As a doctor I never told a woman, “Congratulations!  You’re almost pregnant!”  I think part of the problem is the term “dead,” or “death.”  You might hear someone say, “I died on the operating table, but they brought me back.”  What that person probably means is that his heart stopped for some period of time before being started back up again.  Heart stoppage is not death.  Stopping breathing, as in drowning, is not death.  Cardiac surgeons [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:48-04:00February 17th, 2025|Public Forum|

Q1 Platinum Webinar: The Mystery of the Beloved Disciple

Platinum blog members, it's time for our Quarterly Platinum Webinar! Mark your calendars – the live lecture will take place on Wednesday March 5th at 7:00pm Eastern. As always, if you are not able to attend live, the lecture will be recorded and distributed via email after the event. The topic for this quarter's lecture is: The Mystery of the Beloved Disciple NOTE: The live recording of this webinar has concluded. Please find the replay here: Ehrman Blog Q1 Platinum Webinar Replay

2025-09-10T13:11:05-04:00February 14th, 2025|Public Forum|

Materialism, Personal Identity, and Resurrection: Part 2 – Platinum Post by Dennis J. Folds, Ph.D.

Materialism, Personal Identity, and Resurrection: Part 2 In part 1 of this post, I explored the link between a specific individual and the idea of the resurrection of that individual.  I contrasted the Hebrew notion of the resurrection of the body and the Greek notion of the immortal soul. I found both to be rooted in the cosmology of the ancient world, almost impossible to express in modern terms. In this second part, I’ll see what I can do to relate the notion of resurrection to modern thought. Modern Science and Resurrection: Modern science – biology and psychology – are more aligned with the Hebrew viewpoint of what constitutes a person than the Greek. Although there is still a lot of uncertainty and debate about whether there is a non-physical answer that can explain consciousness, it is clear that consciousness has some sort of biological basis.  (Consciousness is altered by biological phenomena such as sleep, coma, drugs, fatigue, and disease.) In this framework, no matter how consciousness is ultimately explained, the person cannot be defined [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:47-04:00February 10th, 2025|Public Forum|

Was Mark Really Written First? The Arguments for “Markan Priority”

I've begun blogging on the "Synoptic Problem," the problem of why Matthew, Mark, and Luke are so similar in so many ways (many of the exact same stories, often told in the same sequence, and even in the very same words), and yet so different (often in wording, sometimes in sequence, etc.).  The solution virtually everyone accepts is that there is some kind of copying going on. The first step is to see if one of them was copied in part by the others, and based on long examinations of all the evidence, the vast majority of scholars have come to agree Matthew and Luke had a copy of Mark that they copied as the basis for their accounts.  They each changed it in places, moving a story to another place, rewording sentences either a little, or a lot, etc..  But Mark was first and the others copied most of it. I should point out that Matthew and Luke almost certainly didn't have the same *copy* of Mark.  And the copies they each had may [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:46-04:00February 9th, 2025|Public Forum|

Materialism, Personal Identity, and Resurrection: Part 1 – Platinum Post by Dennis J. Folds, Ph.D.

In this two-part post I’ll explore the link between a biological reality (the human body), the identity of a specific individual, and what resurrection of that person might mean. In Part 1, I explore the link between personal identity and resurrection. In Part 2, I attempt to relate the notion of resurrection to modern thought, and offer my personal reflections. Sometimes when we think we are being clever, we consider the rhetorical question: In the resurrection, will I come back as myself in my prime? Surely I won’t be a newborn baby, or a toddler, or an adolescent, or a mixed-up teenager. And heaven knows I don’t want to be a demented octogenarian or whatever decrepit state I might be when I die. Will I be 24? 36? 48? Of course there’s no answer to that question. But it does pose the question of just who is this person that will be resurrected? Let’s consider a purely hypothetical subject called Bart. Physically, Bart was lots of things over the course of his life. From embryo [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:47-04:00February 7th, 2025|Public Forum|

The Synoptic Problem: Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Who’s Zoomin Who?

Why are Matthew, Mark, and Luke are so similar to each other and yet have so many differences, lots of them minor but some of them significant? In my previous posts I’ve given “Nutshell” explanations of each of these Gospels.  Before moving on to John – which is remarkably different in many ways from these three, both individually and as  group – I want to devote a series of posts to their relationship to one another. How could they be so alike – often word for word the same – without some copying going on?  And how do we account for the (sometimes serious) differences? This has long been known as the “Synoptic Problem.”  It is not a problem connected with John because the features that create the problem for Mathew, Mark, and Luke (their extensive similarities often in extensive verbatim agreements) do not apply to John. I have just reread my explanation of the problem in my textbook The New Testament: A Historical Introduction to the Early Christian Writings 7th ed. (Oxford University Press) [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:46-04:00February 5th, 2025|Canonical Gospels, Public Forum|

Bart Ehrman and Kevin Grant – The Apocalypse: Literal or Metaphor?

A while back blog member Kevin Grant and I did a recorded interview on the teachings of Jesus about the coming apocalypse.  Did he really mean it?  Are we supposed to take it literally?  How can readers understand the dire predictions?   Here is the video! Kevin is the author of What the Hell is Hell?  A Non-religious Look at the Facts and the Love that Shows You How to Soar, available  on Amazon.com.

2025-09-10T13:10:31-04:00February 4th, 2025|Public Forum|

Gold Q&A for February!

Dear Gold & Platinum Members, It's time for another monthly Gold Q&A.  You ask the questions, Bart answers them.  Have any questions you've been itching to get answered? Submit them to: [email protected] (Don't ask them in the comments of this post – they won't be included!) Remember, short, to-the-point questions will be given preference. We have limited time for Q&A, so do what you can to keep things concise. The February Q&A will take place on Sunday February 16th at 2pm EDT. If you can't make the live recording, the session will be recorded as usual. We will send a link to the recording out via email within a day or two. The deadline for your question submission is Thursday February 13th, at 11:59pm (whenever that happens to land for you). Zoom Link to join the Q&A on Feb. 16th: https://us02web.zoom.us/j/87378737327?pwd=LFnIl2BULniPf5hV4g71Uo8EUhrXLK.1 We are looking forward to it, as always!    

2025-09-10T13:10:46-04:00January 30th, 2025|Public Forum|

The Gospel of Mark: For Further Reading

Now that I’ve devoted two posts to the major sine qua non of the Gospel of Mark – one that lays out its major themes and emphases, the other that deals with who wrote it, when, and why, I can provide a bibliography of important works, written by scholars for non-scholars. You may find one or more of these useful if you choose to dig more deeply into the the Gospel. For each of the books in this this list I provide brief annotations to give you a sense of what it’s about and so help you decide which, if any, might be worth your while. I have divided the list into three sections: Books that provide important discussion of Mark in general or with respect to a particularly key topic Commentaries that give lengthy introductions to all matters of importance about the Gospel and then go passage by passage to provide more detailed interpretation (that’s where you can dig more deeply into “what does this particular word actually mean?”; “what is the real point [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:30-04:00January 26th, 2025|Public Forum|

The Gospel of Mark: Who, When, and Why

Who actually wrote the Gospel of Mark?  When?  And Why? In my previous post I laid out the major themes and emphases of Mark’s Gospel, and now I want to turn to some of the key historical issues about it.  I begin with the author. The two most important things to note are (1) every surviving manuscript that preserves a title ascribes the book to Mark, either calling it “The Gospel according to Mark” or “The Holy Gospel according to Mark,” or just “According to Mark” and (2) these manuscripts were produced over three centuries after the book was placed in circulation. Our oldest two manuscripts (Sinaiticus and Vaticanus, for you fellow Bible nerds) come from toward the end of the fourth century (around 375 CE), and they have the titles (“According to Mark”).  What about manuscripts before then?  We just have no information (since these are our two earliest).  But it does mean that some 300 years after Mark had been circulating, scribes copying it were entitling it that.  And how much earlier than [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:30-04:00January 25th, 2025|Public Forum|

The Gospel of Mark in a Nutshell

How could Jesus be the messiah?  Wasn’t the messiah to be a powerful figure sent from God to overthrow the enemies of the Jews and establish a new kingdom on earth?  How could a person publicly humiliated and tortured to death by his enemies be considered the Mighty One to Come?  That is the question Mark sets out to address in his narrative, the first of our surviving Gospels. My goal in this entire thread on the books of the New Testament is to provide four major posts on each of the books, one summarizing its major themes; another dealing with the historical questions of who wrote it, when, and why; another providing an annotated bibliography of other work written by scholars for a non-scholarly audience – studies, commentaries, and online resources; and a final one dealing with one of its key, interesting aspects. I have done that for Matthew, and now I do it for Mark. This post is on its overarching and distinctive themes. As I did with Matthew, here I begin by [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:30-04:00January 23rd, 2025|Public Forum|

Was (the author of) Matthew Really a Jew?

My previous posts were dealing with the themes and historical context of the Gospel of Matthew, along  with a list of suggested readings for those who want to go deeper. I would like to go deeper myself by returning at greater length to one of the most puzzling features of Matthew, its relationship to Judaism.  To begin with, I suggested in my post "Who, When, and Why" that the author himself was Jewish.  I want to explore that at some greater depth here. The first thing to say is that not all New Testament scholars have thought so.  Au contraire. One of the premier scholars of the NT and the historical Jesus is John Meier.   Before he began his massive multi-volume study of the historical Jesus, called A Marginal Jew, he was principally known as an expert on the Gospel of Matthew.  Meier’s view was that Matthew was not actually Jewish.  One of his pieces of evidence is very interesting and has always struck me as rather amusing. It is this.  In Matthew 21 we [...]

2025-09-10T13:10:30-04:00January 21st, 2025|Canonical Gospels, Public Forum|
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